Journal of Plant Biotechnology

Table. 2.

Table. 2. Table 2

Influence of sonication and vacuum infiltration on transformation efficiency in embryo axis explants of chickpea cv. JAKI9218¹

Sonication duration (s)	Vacuum infiltration duration (min)	Explants infected, n	gus²-Positive explants, mean ± SE^3,4
0	-	100	76.5 ± 1.38^ef
30	-	100	78.6 ± 1.62^de
60	-	100	81.4 ± 1.64^cd
90	-	100	73.2 ± 1.68^gh
120	-	100	70.4 ± 1.82^hi
150	-	100	73.2 ± 1.56^gh
90	0	100	81.4 ± 1.62^cd
90	5	100	82.6 ± 1.86^bc
90	10	100	82.8 ± 1.46^bc
90	15	100	84.8 ± 1.58^ab
90	20	100	78.8 ± 1.66^de
90	25	100	74.6 ± 1.62^fg

¹The control group consisted of wounded explants precultured for 3 days at a bacterial cell density of 1.0 at OD₆₀₀⁵ and an infection duration of 30 min, with 100 µM/l of acetosyringone and 200 mg/l of L-cysteine. Transformation efficiency = (GUS explants/total explants infected) × 100. We used 100 embryo axis explants per treatment, and each treatment was repeated thrice.

²gus: β-glucuronidase.

³SE: standard error.

⁴Means ± SEs of values of three independent experiments. Values with the same letter within columns are not significantly different according to the DMRT⁶ at a 5% level.

⁵OD₆₀₀: optical density at 600 nm wavelength.

⁶DMRT: Duncan’s multiple range test.

J Plant Biotechnol 2022;49:61-73 https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2022.49.1.061